chore: various major dependency updates

[dtomvan]

Fixes #10500

Maybe monkeypatching in the upstream unix/pty.cc wasn't a good idea; the output app hangs after loading screen... No idea why, don't know how to debug that.

But I think this is a good foundation to start with nontheless... just trying to help out here :)

[dtomvan]

I just moved the actions to corepack... at least this way act can get to actually running yarn, which it couldn't before anymore because yarn v1 is of course incompatible with yarn v4.

Edit: yeah that glasstron failure happened to me on act but not locally. I think GH actions has a missing dep.

[Eugeny]

Sorry but this PR makes no sense to me as it is right now. You've downgraded node-pty to 0.12 (?!), replacing it with a binary build but then throw in a bunch of source patches for it (?) that won't be used because it's already prebuilt.

[dtomvan]

Yeah that was a bit hacky. It seems like the only way to get it working on nixos (while keeping it functional for other distros as its prebuilt for those). I think I could try to use the trunk version of MS instead. I don't think I have time for that right this week though I'm sorry.