Add inline tests for all arithmetic cases in u8, u16, u32, u64, U128, and u256

[bitzoic]

Description

This PR adds arithmetic test cases to ensure u8, u16, u32, u64, U128, and u256 behave as expected in normal conditions, when overflow is disabled, when unsafe math is enabled, and edge cases.

Previously, the modulo and square root functions of U128 would not revert, even if unsafe math is enabled.

The following test cases are new for inline tests:

u8

• Add
• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Divide by zero reverts
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• 0th root will fail
• Subtract
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

u16

• Add
• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Divide by zero reverts
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• 0th root will fail
• Subtract
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

u32

• Add
• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Divide by zero reverts
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• 0th root will fail
• Subtract
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

u64

• Add
• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Divide by zero reverts
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• 0th root will fail
• Subtract
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

U128

• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

u256

• Add
• Revert Add on overflow
• Revert on unsafe math on overflow
• Binary log of zero fails on overflow disabled
• Binary log of zero returns zero on unsafe math
• Divide
• Divide behavior on unsafe math
• Divide by zero reverts
• Log still reverts when overflow enabled
• Log behavior on unsafe math enabled
• Log parity with Rust tests
• Modulo zero still reverts with overflow enabled
• Multiply
• Multiply overflow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Pow still reverts on unsafe math enabled
• Root behavior the same on overflow enabled
• Root behavior the same on unsafe math enabled
• Subtract
• Subtract underflow still reverts with unsafe math enabled

Checklist

• I have linked to any relevant issues.
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas.
• I have updated the documentation where relevant (API docs, the reference, and the Sway book).
  • If my change requires substantial documentation changes, I have requested support from the DevRel team
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works.
• I have added (or requested a maintainer to add) the necessary Breaking* or New Feature labels where relevant.
• I have done my best to ensure that my PR adheres to the Fuel Labs Code Review Standards.
• I have requested a review from the relevant team or maintainers.